Both of these tenets are contrary to the creed of orthodox or Sunni Islam. Legends soon sprang up about this mysterious personality. This fits with Ford's former professions. See alsoAfrican-American Religions; Black Muslims; Islam; Malcolm X; Muhammad, Elijah Karriem; Muhammad, Warith Deen; Nation of Islam; Qur'an. [68][bettersourceneeded]. WebFard offered blacks a credo of moral and cultural superiority to their white oppressors. His true identity remains unknown,[42] but there is strong evidence that the Nation of Islam founder Wallace D. Fard was the same man as Wallace Dodd Ford, an inmate in San Quentin Prison. Press question mark to learn the rest of the keyboard shortcuts. [citation needed], Efforts to trace the origins and life story of Fard have been extensive but have yielded only fragmentary results and not even his date of death is known; further complicating any efforts is the fact that only 5 pictures of Fard are known to exist, 4 being mugshots taken after various arrests and one being the official portrait by the Nation of Islam; most observers agreed they all belong to the same person which was confirmed via facial recognition analysis. -, Press J to jump to the feed. Either way, most people who have investigated his life have come to the conclusion that he was probably mixed race and may have emigrated from New Zealand or the Middle East. Then, copy and paste the text into your bibliography or works cited list. The first is the expansion of Islamic statesthat is, states whose ruling elite consisted, Islam [8][29], Karl Evanzz of The Washington Post submitted a Freedom of Information Act request to the FBI in 1978 requesting its file on Fard. Wallace Fard came to Detroit in the early 1930s and, in-between peddling silks and perfumes, preaches a unique brand of Islam to the local black population. They also have a similar receding hairline that poofs out along the side. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. "[45] After the story was published, Elijah Muhammad and Malcolm X subsequently charged black media outlets, which reprinted the accusation in large numbers, with running the story without requesting a response from the Nation of Islam. He also gave his fathers birthplace as Argentina and his mothers birthplace as Oregon. [64][65] Fard wrote the following for his followers: "[T]he LESSONS that OUR SAVIOUR (ALLAH) gave us to Study and Learn is the Fulfillment of the Prophecies of All the Former Prophets concerning the Beginning of the Devils, and the Ending of the Civilization, and of our Enslavement by the Devils, and Present Time of our Delivery from the Devils by OUR SAVIOUR (ALLAH). See, The years 1891 and 1893 have both been cited by sources relying upon FBI records primarily. "[48][dubious discuss] An FBI memorandum dated August 1963 states that the FBI had not been able to verify his birthdate or birthplace, and "he was last heard from in 1934. He wrote two books for the movement, The Secret Ritual of the Nation of Islam, which is transmitted orally to members; and Teaching for the Lost-Found Nation of Islam in a Mathematical Way, which is written in symbolic language and requires special interpretation. [9], In 1938, sociologist Erdmann Doane Beynon published in the American Journal of Sociology a firsthand account of several interviews he conducted with followers of Fard in Michigan. [38], The search produced two Fords of interest, one of whom was Wallace Ford, a prominent movie actor. Ford's prison records indicated he was born in Portland in 1891, the son of a Zared and Beatrice Ford; Zared presumably being a South Asian or Middle Eastern man, and Beatrice being a white woman. He gave the exact birth of the white race; the name of their God who made them and how; and the end of their time, the judgment, how it will begin and end. Before arriving in Detroit in 1930, under the alias of David Ford, he attained a high rank in the Moorish Science Temple, a vaguely Islam-like religion that disbanded that same year. He also taught us to give up all evil doings and practices and do righteousness or be destroyed from the face of the earth. Contemporary American Religion. It is important to realize that Farrakhan is the current leader of one of two main NOI factions that emerged after the Honorable Elijah Muhammads death on Feb. 24, 1975. Alternate titles: F. Mohammed Ali, Wallace Fard Muhammad, Walli Farrad. Through his friendly manner he was able to gain access to the homes of poor African Americans and began to teach about their "true religion," not Christianity but the "religion of the Black Man" of Asia and Africa. The prophet came to America to find and to bring back to life his long lost brethren, from whom the Caucasians had taken away their language, their nation and their religion. This was perhaps true, but the police recognized that Fard's preaching was encouraging extremist behavior and offered him an ultimatum: leave the city forever and avoid criminal charges. Wallace Dodd Ford's race is the subject of some debate. How we had been made blind, deaf and dumb by this white race of people and how we must return to our people, our God and His religion of peace (Islam), the religion of the prophets. The entire movement was placed under a Minister of Islam. After Wallace had renamed the group the World Community of Al-Islam (one of many name changes to follow), Farrakhan was able to reconstitute the NOI under his own auspices in 1979. Hazel claimed he briefly returned to LA and lived with her before returning to New Zealand, from where she says he came. When nothing further was heard from him, some rumored that he had been killed by police. Similarly, biblical prophecies and the teachings of Marcus Garvey and Noble Drew Ali were cited as foretelling the coming of the new prophet". [25] In 1933, he began signing his name "W. F. Muhammad", which stands for "Wallace Fard Muhammad". "[46] Five months later, in July 1963, the FBI told the Los Angeles Evening Herald-Examiner that Fard was actually Wallace Dodd Ford. rcel.id = 'rc_' + Math.floor(Math.random() * 1000); (February 22, 2023). The book Chameleon: The True Story of W.D. He also offended some people when he allegedly claimed to be Drew Ali, the murdered founder of the Moorish Science Temple of America (another Islamic black nationalist group). How did the founder of a group that recruited men like Malcolm X and Muhammed Ali slip under the radar so easily? This would suggest he was, in fact, diabetic. His fathers name is listed as Zaradodd Ford, his mothers name as Babbjie, and their birthplace as Madrid, Spain. Ford reported that he was a cook, age 26, born in Oregon and living in Los Angeles. Officially, the NOI believes Fard departed Earth via supernatural means. However, Minister Malcolm X and other leaders of the Nation of Islam have emphatically denied any past connection whatsoever of Elijah Muhammad, Master Wallace Fard Muhammad, or their movement with Nobel Drew Ali's Moorish American Science Temple."[57]. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors. Only a few things are certain. Muhammad, Elijah. This is my own personal theory and it is out there so this is a fair warning: I believe that Ford was a FBI plant sent in as a cointel agent to gather intelligence on the civil rights movement that would getting traction in many inner city's and southern States. Pick a style below, and copy the text for your bibliography. . Consequently, Fard and another leader, Ugan Ali, were arrested and questioned. In 1930, W.D. Some blame the police, the FBI, or rival leaders within the NOI. [25][Note 2] Some of the lessons are in the form of questions asked by Fard to Elijah Muhammad. Otherwise he would chastise us with a severe chastisement until we did submit. Contemporary American Religion. Fard through a vent. A variety of other claims emerged; that he went to Hawaii, New Zealand, and even to the Middle East. Others asserted that he had returned to Mecca to prepare for his eventual return. The FBI file states: "Our investigation of the NOI and Fard failed to establish his birth date and birth place." Muhammad, Akbar. A group calling themselves the Nation of Islam are preaching a radical black nationalist dogma that promotes pan-Africanism and outright racism. With growing prestige over a constantly increasing group, [Fard] became bolder in his denunciation of white people and began to attack the teachings of the Bible in such a way as to shock his hearers and bring them to an emotional crisis. The FBI officially claims this: Fard got into hot water when in May 1933, one of his followers performed a ritual murder as a sacrifice to God. For some time, one W. D. Fard assumed leadership of the Moorish movement. Others asserted that he had returned to Mecca to prepare for his eventual return. "Interaction Between 'Indigenous' and 'Immigrant' Muslims in the United States: Some Positive Trends." Fard preached that blacks (who were not to be called Negroes) must prepare for an inevitable race war and that Christianity was the religion of slaveowners. "Black Muslims," a name coined by C. Eric Lincoln in 1960, refers to the members of one of the most militant and separati, Muhammad, Elijah 18971975 I taught him some lessons. A subreddit dedicated to the unresolved mysteries of the world. Attendance at the house meetings grew until the listeners were divided into groups and taught in shifts. [23] Following the rapid increase in membership, he instituted a formal organizational structure. He was an adviser of Elijah Muhammad since the late 1950s and was the tutor of his son and successor Warith Deen Mohammed. However, the date of retrieval is often important. The Rise of the Black Internationale", "When Japan Was "Champion of the Darker Races": Satokata Takahashi and the Flowering of Black Messianic Nationalism", "The Voodoo Cult among Negro migrants in Detroit", Historical Analysis of FBI's COINTELPRO AND W. Fard Muhammad, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wallace_Fard_Muhammad&oldid=1141937668, Members of the Moorish Science Temple of America, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles with unsourced statements from December 2021, Articles with unsourced statements from January 2021, Articles lacking reliable references from May 2022, Articles with disputed statements from July 2019, Articles with trivia sections from June 2020, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, The name Fard is a common surname in Pakistan as are other names he bestowed upon his followers such as Shabazz, Ghulam, and Kallatt, Interviews with long-time Nation figures who met him or saw original photos of him such as, Early teachings from Fard indicated a distrust and disdain for Hinduism, This page was last edited on 27 February 2023, at 17:20. (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); (function() { In Los Angeles where she says he came from him, some rumored that he to... 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