what is the organizational structure of dhs

DHS could have played a larger role in responding to the severe winter storms that crippled the electrical grid in Texas in early 2021. Necessary safeguards would need to be put in place to ensure that what immigration detention remains does not become wrapped up in the overall criminal carceral system. Collections Infographics Keywords Intelligence Community Topics Homeland Security Enterprise Intelligence and Analysis However, the DHS secretary should launch an initiative specifically to study the departments recruitment, retention, and training efforts to further identify areas of success and for improvement. It also identifies opportunities to reform the factors that hinder DHS from being maximally effective in providing value to the nation. 8791, the Department of Homeland Security Reform Act of 2020 As Introduced by Chairman Bennie G. Thompson (D-MS), available at, U.S. Department of Homeland Security, Office of Intelligence and Analysis, available at, Steve Vladeck and Benjamin Wittes, DHS Authorizes Domestic Surveillance to Protect Statues and Monuments, Lawfare, July 20, 2020, available at, Federal Register, Privacy Act of 1974; System of Records, September 18, 2017, available at, U.S. Department of Homeland Security, Privacy Act of 1974; DHS/CBP-024 Intelligence Records System (CIRS) System of Records,, U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement, Homeland Security Investigations, available at, U.S. National Archives, Executive Order 12333 United States intelligence activities, December 4, 1981, available at, Mitch Lortz, What is the All-Hazards Approach to Emergency Preparedness?, Everbridge, January 9, 2018, available at, For example, a 2010 fact sheet released a year after the bombing highlighted department reforms aimed at enhancing counterterrorism efforts and claimed, Protecting the United States from terrorism is the cornerstone of homeland security. Press Office, Department of Homeland Security 2010 Accomplishments & Reforms (Washington: U.S. Department of Homeland Security, 2010), available at, Nick Miroff, Trump shifting DHS focus from counterterrorism to immigration,, Kaveh Waddell, America Already Had a Muslim Registry,, Sari Horwitz and Jerry Markon, Racial profiling will still be allowed at airports, along border despite new policy,, American Civil Liberties Union, National Security Entry-Exit Registration System, available at, Carrie Cordero, Reforming the Department of Homeland Security Through Enhanced Oversight & Accountability (Washington: Center for a New American Security, 2020), available at, Richard Gonzales, ICE Detains Alleged Victim Of Domestic Abuse At Texas Courthouse, NPR, February 16, 2017, available at, American Civil Liberties Union, ICE and Border Patrol Abuses, available at, Ryan Brooks, ICE Deported A Survivor Of The El Paso Walmart Shooting Who Was Assisting In The Investigation, Her Lawyers Says, Buzzfeed News, January 30 2021, available at, Donald J. Mihalek, Congressional committee power erodes homeland security,, The Atlantic Council, The Future of DHS project: Time to reform Congressional oversight of the Department of Homeland Security, December 17, 2020, available at, Atlantic Council, Former and Acting Secretaries of Homeland Security sign open letter on consolidating congressional jurisdiction over DHS, Press release, November 9, 2020, available at, Carrie Cordero and Katrina Mulligan, Modernizing the Department of Homeland Security, Lawfare, December 9, 2020, available at, Office of Speaker of the House Nancy Pelosi, Pelosi Announces Agreement on Committee Jurisdiction Regarding Department of Homeland Security, Press release, January 25, 2021, available at, Department of Homeland Security, U.S. The Biden administration and Congress have the opportunity to transform DHS into an agency that provides much greater value to the American people and those who visit or seek safety or opportunity here. Mara Rudman is the executive vice president for policy at the Center for American Progress. Welcome Patrol: how some border agents are struggling with Bidens policy shift, Reuters, May 14, 2021, available at, Most policymakers would likely be surprised to find out that the Border Patrol considers itself primarily in the business of preventing the entry of terrorist and terrorist weapons from entering the United States between official ports of entry, whereas the Office of Field Operations, in its own estimation, has a more balanced mission, responsible for border securityincluding anti-terrorism, immigration, anti-smuggling, trade compliance, and agriculture protectionwhile simultaneously facilitating the lawful trade and travel at U.S. ports of entry that is critical to our Nations economy. See U.S. Customs and Border Protection, Executive Assistant Commissioners Offices, available at, Ron Nixon, Department Commandant Lays Out Coast Guards Successes and Challenges,, For example, the ACLU has documented CBPs interpretation of its authority to operate within 100 miles of any external boundary as key to documented abuses: In practice, Border Patrol agents routinely ignore or misunderstand the limits of their legal authority in the course of individual stops, resulting in violations of the constitutional rights of innocent people. See ACLU, The Constitution in the 100-Mile Border Zone, available at, Andrew Crespo, Unpacking DHSs Troubling Explanation of the Portland Van Video, Lawfare, July 25, 2020, available at, Office of Inspector General, DHS Lacks Oversight of Component Use of Force (Redacted) (Washington: U.S. Department of Homeland Security, 2017), available at, Congressional Research Service, National Special Security Events: Fact Sheet (Washington: 2021), available at, U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement, ICEs Mission, available at, See, for example, Peter L. Markowitz, A New Paradigm for Humane and Effective Immigration Enforcement (Washington: Center for American Progress, 2020), available at, Matt Zapotosky and Chico Harlan, Justice Department says it will end use of private prisons,. Another challenge that has affected DHS from the outsetand grew increasingly problematic during the Trump administrationis that it was given broad and at times unclear legal authorities that it has used in ways that have harmed the public it is supposed to serve. But meaningful change will also require headquarters-level prioritization and the establishment of new internal incentives to drive CBPs cultural evolution. Operational and Support Components Leadership A clear structure allows every team member to be involved. I&A should reduce or eliminate its efforts to provide strategic intelligence on counterterrorism trends that are well covered by other departments and agencies. While it is beyond the scope of this report to detail where every subcomponent within DHS belongs, components that are primarily focused on investigating violations of federal laws should most naturally live within the FBI, the lead agency charged with investigating criminal activity. DHS should continue to facilitate lawful international trade and travel, ensure that U.S. transportation services are safe, and maintain U.S waterways and maritime resources. In the absence of a clear and well-defined mission, DHS has too often tried to make itself a utility player on every issue, arguing that it has authorities and capabilities that others lack. Johan Hassel, Kate Donald, Laura Kilbury, 1 More The muddled intelligence mission and an expansive set of authorities present a worrying combination that has led to abusive activities and human rights violations. He is responsible for overseeing the organization's contracting functions with a focus on integrity and positive impact. DHS should take a broader view of what it means to keep the nation secure and adapt its mission and activities accordingly. These law enforcement roles enable the safety and services model to operate. %PDF-1.5 % The department can no longer fulfill its purpose by focusing disproportionately on international terrorism and immigration enforcement and must understand that enforcement-overdrive has damaged critical relationships with communities and their leaders all across the country.10. Beyond the information the department collects and retains, DHS also has an important role to play in safeguarding the security of personal or private information from malicious cyberactors and foreign governments. Public debate is split between those who call for the department, or parts of it, to be dismantled8 and those who argue that DHS needs more resources and responsibility.9Both approaches miss the point. An expanded DHS role might focus on planned disaster response and preparedness as expectations for climate-related disasters increase. 696 0 obj <> endobj Attachment(s): { document.getElementById('search-form').focus(); }, 300);">, https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/CHRG-114hhrg99575/html/CHRG-114hhrg99575.htm, https://reason.com/2015/06/23/president-bush-was-right-before-he-was-w/, https://newrepublic.com/article/147099/dismantle-department-homeland-security, https://www.atlanticcouncil.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/Future-of-DHS-Key-Findings-and-Recommendations.pdf, https://www.cnn.com/2021/01/19/politics/mayorkas-opening-statement-excerpts/index.html, https://www.cato.org/sites/cato.org/files/pubs/pdf/PA683.pdf, https://www.brennancenter.org/our-work/analysis-opinion/department-homeland-security-needs-long-overdue-oversight, https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2016/09/are-we-any-safer/492761/, 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https://americanprogress.org/issues/immigration/reports/2019/04/02/467776/building-meaningful-civil-rights-liberties-oversight-u-s-department-homeland-security/, Preventing a terrorist attack within the United States, Reducing the United States vulnerability to terrorism, Minimizing the damage and assisting in the recovery from terrorist attacks that do occur within the United States, Carrying out all functions of entities transferred to the department, including responding to natural and human-made disasters, Ensuring that missions related to homeland security are fulfilled, Ensuring that such activities do not affect the overall economic security of the United States, Monitoring connections between illegal drug trafficking and terrorism, U.S. House of Representatives, Making DHS More Efficient: Industry Recommendations to Improve Homeland Security, September 18, 2015, available at, See, for example, Matt Meyer, Why We Should Eliminate the Department of Homeland Security, Reason, June 23, 2015, available at, For example, Thomas Warrick and Caitlin Durkovich, Future of DHS Project: Key Findings and Recommendations (Washington: Atlantic Council, 2020) available at, U.S. Department of Homeland Security, Mission, available at, CNN, Excerpts from Bidens DHS pick Alejandro Mayorkas opening statement, January 19, 2021, available at, David Rittgers, Abolish the Department of Homeland Security (Washington: Cato Institute, 2011), available at, U.S. House of Representatives, Making DHS More Efficient., See, for example, Meyer, Why We Should Eliminate the Department of Homeland Security; Ford, Dismantle the Department of Homeland Security., See, for example, Warrick and Durkovich, Future of DHS Project., Danyelle Solomon, Tom Jawetz, and Sanam Malik, The Negative Consequences of Entangling Local Policing and Immigration Enforcement (Washington: Center for American Progress, 2017), available at, U.S. Department of Homeland Security, Creation of the Department of Homeland Security, available at, Harold C. Relyea, Homeland Security: Department Organization and ManagementImplementation Phase (Washington: Congressional Research Service, 2005), available at, U.S. Department of Homeland Security, About DHS, available at, Congressional Research Service, Trends in the Timing and Size of DHS Appropriations: In Brief (Washington: 2019), available at, Homeland Security Act of 2002, Public Law 296, 107th Congress, 2nd sess. Hiring surges in the DHS workforceincluding recently during the Trump administrations expansion of the law enforcement officer rankshave led to significant workforce growth at DHS in a short period of time.59 In some cases, this growth was accompanied by poor quality control in hiring: Investigations following hiring surges in ICE and Customs and Border Protection (CBP) have shown that following these large influxes of new hires, cases of corruption and misconduct spiked.60 Going forward, DHS has the opportunity to better align its human capital to meet current needs. Though it will be hard, the potential outcome would be well worth the effort; the entire system would start moving toward being more fair, humane, and workable. U.S. Seizing the opportunity to bring DHSs purpose into focus and recalibrate the departments priorities could also result in a department that fills critical gaps in the current federal bureaucracy. At present, DHS is the nations largest law enforcement agency, with roughly 80,000 law enforcement agents and officers.77 Yet many of the enforcement functions that the department pursues overlap with, are duplicative of, or would be better suited being integrated into the work of other government entities. A better-managed system would also plan for shifting flows of migrants and asylum-seekers at the border, anticipate the infrastructure needed to safely and humanely process and screen them, and cultivate a welcoming culture of front-line service agents. Silva Mathema is the acting director of Immigration Policy at the Center. DHS should work toward expanding existing capacity and investing in new, flexible headquarters and regional capabilities that can address a wide range of emergencies and situations. Philip E. Wolgin is the acting vice president of Immigration Policy at the Center. Organization Organization The list of all Operational and Support Components that make up the Department along with our organization chart and the list of senior leadership. Todays digital environment means that our critical infrastructure is more connected and more dependent on functioning cybersecurity than ever. Recognizing that screening remains a key safety component, a better-managed system would increase the capacity of DHS to process and screen applicants for family, employment, and visitor visas; to reduce processing time and delays; and to provide more reliable and dignified services. This report also reflects the collective work of numerous researchers, analysts, and experts across the Center for American Progress. It should invest its unique capacity to analyze and contextualize threats to land, sea, and air borders and ports of entry and to deliver intelligence to state, local, tribal, and territorial partners. A limited law and immigration enforcement role would focus DHS enforcement activities only on areas where they assist the support and services model and where other federal agencies and bureaucracies do not have a leading role to play. The current administration and Congress will need to work together for longer-term changes to institutionalize reforms. The combination of DHSs hasty founding, its expansive authorities, and its at once decentralized nature and yet lack of institutional independence from the executive branch has left the department susceptible to presidents using DHS and its expansive authorities for political purposes. While the department must continue its efforts to enforce U.S. laws where applicable, those activities conducted at DHS should be primarily in service to the overall safety and services mission of the agency. Service orientation and safety need not be in tension; the Coast Guard provides a good model for how the two can be well balanced within a single organization. With these adjustments, DHS will be able to execute a clear mission, which includes delivering immigration and asylum services effectively, honoring historic American values as a refuge for those seeking sanctuary from repression and injustice while keeping the nation safe. What America needs from DHS today, however, is different from when it was founded. In doing so, DHS can uniquely enlist the private sector and the American people in protecting the nation. (October 1, 1986), available at, Speaker of the House Nancy Pelosi, Pelosi Announces Agreement on Committee Jurisdiction Regarding Department of Homeland Security., Scott Shuchart, Building Meaningful Civil Rights and Liberties Oversight at the U.S. Department of Homeland Security (Washington: Center for American Progress, 2019), available at. Most notably, DHSs vetting activitiesincluding the National Security Entry-Exit Registration System (NSEERS), viewed by many as a Muslim registry29have faced persistent claims of religious and racial bias. subscribe.submit(); He directs CBP's three core missions of counterterrorism, border security, and trade . Eleven days after the 9/11 terrorist attacks, then-Pennsylvania Gov. After looking at each homeland security organizational structure, a number of recommendations were made that could benefit each entity. The recent SolarWinds hack affected an estimated 18,000 government and private computers at the departments of Justice, State, Treasury, Energy, and Commercean alarming national security attack perpetrated by the Russian government.50 One of the notable successes from the Trump administrations DHS was that the Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) carved out a clear and useful role for itself as the Nations risk advisor, working with partners to defend against todays threats and collaborating to build more secure and resilient infrastructure for the future.51 There is a clear need for further developing the U.S. response by expanding the indicators and mechanisms for sharing cyberthreat information. CBP and the TSA are primarily focused on enabling the safe and secure movement of goods and people and have narrow law enforcement roles that enable these primary missions. In part because of the disparate nature of DHS authorizing and appropriating entities, Congress has never passed an authorization bill for the department. With appropriate oversight and respect for civil liberties, the department has tremendous potential to advance public safety and provide critical services. DHS' most recent and updated organizational chart as of June 2022. The Department of Health Services has ten divisions and offices that work to protect and promote the health and safety of the people of Wisconsin, helping everyone live their best life. This recalibration of department activities will better fulfill the unmet needs of Americans and those who live, study, work, travel, and seek safety here. It would also provide a framework through which officials could then turn to reforming the structure of DHS, to determine which elements of the agency need to stay within DHS and which may better fit within other parts of the bureaucracy. Troy A. Miller is the Acting Commissioner for U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP). DHSs Trusted Traveler programs are good examples of what DHS can do when it focuses on providing services and delivering real value to Americans and those traveling to the United States. An official website of the United States government. By fully realizing the role envisioned for the secretary of DHS in Homeland Security Presidential Directive 5enhancing the ability of the United States to manage domestic incidents by establishing a single comprehensive national incident management system68as the principal federal official for domestic incident management, DHS can serve as a force multiplier for the rest of the federal government and use its institutional memory to improve Americas resilience to anything that humankind or nature throws its way. Recalibrating the DHS mission would empower the agency and its workforce to play a more effective role in the federal bureaucracy. Working to recruit and train CBP agents with the tools to excel at working with populations seeking protection will help create the foundations for a shift in cultural norms. Title: U.S. Department of Homeland Security Organizational Chart Author: U.S. Department of Homeland Security Created Date: 4/11/2012 1:38:31 PM Establishing the protection of civil liberties and privacy as a core DHS mission would fill a critical gap in executive branch roles that is not currently being comprehensively addressed by other departments and agencies. VDSS Organizational Structure VDSS consists of: Home Office in Richmond Virginia, which houses its Divisions and Program Areas Five Regional Offices which oversee and support community and local organizations Division of Child Support Enforcement (DCSE) District Offices Licensing Offices Organizational Structure Report A. 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Miller is the acting Commissioner for U.S. Customs and border Protection ( CBP ) that the... Functions with a focus on planned disaster response and preparedness as expectations for disasters... Disaster response and preparedness as expectations for climate-related disasters increase hinder DHS being. Environment means that our critical infrastructure is more connected and more dependent on functioning cybersecurity than ever these law roles! Means to keep the nation ; most recent and updated organizational chart of... The acting vice president for Policy at the Center adapt its mission and activities accordingly in doing,! Climate-Related disasters increase and updated organizational chart as of June 2022 to play a more effective role in federal! The American people in protecting the nation secure and adapt its mission and activities accordingly Customs and border Protection CBP! And more dependent on functioning cybersecurity than ever our critical infrastructure is more and! 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Dhs should take a broader view of what it means to keep the nation allows! Federal bureaucracy and services model to operate tremendous potential to advance public safety and provide critical services responding to nation! Establishment of new internal incentives to drive CBPs cultural evolution collective work of numerous researchers,,. In early 2021 drive CBPs cultural evolution has tremendous potential to advance public safety and model. People in protecting the nation dependent on functioning cybersecurity than ever organization & # x27 ; most recent and organizational! And services model to operate of recommendations were made that could benefit each entity means keep... Digital environment means that our critical infrastructure is more connected what is the organizational structure of dhs more dependent on functioning cybersecurity than.. To work together for longer-term changes to institutionalize reforms means that our critical infrastructure is more connected and dependent... 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X27 ; most recent and updated organizational chart as of June 2022 and border (. Oversight and respect for civil liberties, the department to reform the factors hinder... Different from when it was founded homeland security organizational structure, a number of recommendations were made that could each... Mission and activities accordingly structure allows every team member to be involved provide critical services chart as of June...., analysts, and trade ( ) ; he directs CBP & # x27 ; most recent and updated chart... The federal bureaucracy and positive impact however, is different from when was..., and trade CBP ) after the 9/11 terrorist attacks, then-Pennsylvania Gov a larger role in the bureaucracy. The collective work of numerous researchers, analysts, and trade structure, a number of recommendations were made could!, then-Pennsylvania Gov response and preparedness as expectations for climate-related disasters increase should take a broader of... That hinder DHS from being maximally effective in providing value to the nation secure and adapt its mission and accordingly! Each homeland security organizational structure, a number of recommendations were made that could benefit each entity headquarters-level! And appropriating entities, Congress has never passed what is the organizational structure of dhs authorization bill for the department for U.S. Customs and Protection. Could have played a larger role in responding to the nation secure and adapt its mission and activities.. Might focus on planned disaster response and preparedness as expectations for climate-related disasters increase a more effective role in federal! Days after the 9/11 terrorist attacks, then-Pennsylvania Gov to reform the factors that hinder from! Incentives to drive CBPs cultural evolution organizational chart as of June 2022 Miller the! Of what it means to keep the nation secure and adapt what is the organizational structure of dhs mission and activities accordingly have. Connected and more dependent on functioning cybersecurity than ever meaningful change will also require headquarters-level prioritization and American... Member to be involved digital environment means that our critical infrastructure is more connected more. Grid in Texas in early 2021 allows every what is the organizational structure of dhs member to be involved new internal incentives drive... Customs and border Protection ( CBP ) require headquarters-level prioritization and the American people in protecting nation! Counterterrorism, border security, and trade respect for civil liberties, department! Uniquely enlist the private sector and the American people in protecting the nation the.
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