Thats what a real man does, doesnt he. "Death and the Maiden - Themes and Meanings" Survey of Dramatic Literature Youre going towhat? Andy: It's fine. I tried calling your phone, but Elena: I'm glad you fought that man off, and I'm glad he's dead. Death and the Maiden Quotes A political activist is convinced that her guest is a man who once tortured her for the government. There's no way we live in a world where Herrera gets charged with murder, and that guy is mayor. . What do we lose by killing one of them? So don't be scared. Paulina is fully aware that the only way to get the kind of justice that will truly satisfy her is by taking matters into her own hands; within the structures of the society she lives in, her gender and position donot allow her access to the power that would enable her to changethe world. But there is so much we can do. How much can this woman take? The title of Dorfman's play comes from the quartet by Schubert which Paulina associates with her abduction and torture. PAULINA: On the contrary, as soon as I stop pointing it at you, all dialogue will automatically terminate. GERARDO: Even in that caseI have to resign no matter what, and the sooner, the better. Well go as far as we . Death and the Maiden A lifetime of practice compartmentalizing. PAULINA: The judges? She agrees and then encourages Gerardo to gofetch Roberto's car (which Paulina hid earlier). But I always promised myself a time would come to recover him, bring him back from the grave so to speak, and just sitting here listening to him with you I know that I was right, that Imso many things that are going to change from now on, right? Theme: Justice and more. We're doing our best to make sure our content is useful, accurate and safe.If by any chance you spot an inappropriate comment while navigating through our website please use this form to let us know, and we'll take care of it shortly. Although in the play, it is Paulina who is the "crazy person" in power, for fifteen years prior a violent dictator oppressed this country. Memory and Reminiscence A grateful Gerardo offers Roberto a room for the night, but after hearing Roberto's voice, Gerardo's wife Paulina becomes convinced that their houseguest is the doctor who raped and tortured her after she was abducted by the secret police fifteen years earlier. Applause is heard when the imaginary musicians come on. Paulina mockingly questions the value of freedom in a society which has only provisionally returned to democracy: "Isn't that what this transition is all about? Death and the Maiden was actually begun in the early 1980s, originally intended to be a novel. endobj Definitions and examples of 136 literary terms and devices. There's no way we live in a world where Herrera gets charged with murder, and that guy is Well, you might be the only one in this building. <>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI] >>/MediaBox[ 0 0 612 792] /Contents 4 0 R/Group<>/Tabs/S/StructParents 0>> Struggling with distance learning? Teachers and parents! Jack: What does that have to do with anything?Carina: You are distracted, and I am annoyed, and Maya, congratulations, you get another day. Its just that we still havent got used to it. Are you criticizing me because I take care of you? Then you have to set out and find me. Although both Paulina and Gerardofought in the resistance against the former dictatorship, it was Paulina, not Gerardo, who had to endure torture and violence as a result. Youll have your say, Doctor, you can be sure of that. Death and the Maiden Roman Polanski's film adaptation of Ariel Dorfman's stunning play about the legacy of torture has more in common with the director's first film, Knife in the Water (with all the latter's unnerving ambiguities about power, sexual transgression, and confused alliances among three people) than a straightforward political parable. 3 0 obj The Question and Answer section for Death and the Maiden is a great Miranda does not genuinely appear to ask for forgiveness; he does so only in the context of a confession which may be falsified. And the fact that my luck is being discussed to my being a woman of color, by the way, kind of highlights how messed up this is. The play contrasts the present era to the repressive military regime which has recently ended. Bear, Jessie. GERARDO: Humor her, placate her, so she feels that wethat you, are willing to cooperate . "When crazy people have power, you've got to indulge them.". GERARDO: That's unfair. Look at you, just when weve got the chance to start over again and you begin to open all the wounds. Ham sandwiches with mayonnaise. Gale Cengage Dorfman's "obsession'' shows in his characterization of Paulina, whose strong memories of being raped and tortured still haunt her and provide a challenge to the historical revisionists who would claim that such events did not take place. Gerardo Escobar: In a democracy, the midnight knock on the door can be friendly. The second is the date of Ross: You are lucky as a woman of color to have the department looking out for you. Easy peasy. To her mind, justice cannot possibly be served through the channels which presently exist, so she resolutely takes the law into her own hands. He does not want to discuss the extent of his affair with Paulina; he is convinced that it will destroy them. What different forms of power are conveyed in Death and the Maiden? One of the related themes of Death and the Maiden, however, is the lingering ambiguity which troubles a society attempting to rectify wrongs from a turbulent era in its past. 7 0 obj Tomorrow you can make us a nice . Voiceless during the time of her torture, even as she was being coerced to speak, Paulina desires to speak now, freely and openly, but is denied a voice because of the commissions mandate. Although he spends most of the play up to this point vigorously silencing Paulina whenever she tries to rehash the past, he finally does agree to discuss his affair with her, and in listening to her testimony he is forced to revisit these painful events. PDF downloads of all 1699 LitCharts literature guides, and of every new one we publish. . stream She is married to a government official (fine work by Stuart Wilson) heading up official inquiries into the practice of torture under the former regime. That's why it's taking me long to get this far. A terrace and an ample living/dining room where dinner is laid out on a table with two chairs. "Death and the Maiden Summary". --Tom Keogh, https://www.quotes.net/movies/death_and_the_maiden_%281994%29_2905, https://www.quotes.net/movies/death_and_the_maiden_quotes_2905. 2023 . Death and the Maiden tells the story of Paulina Salas, her husband Gerardo Escobar, and Dr. Roberto Miranda, all citizens in an unnamed country that is recovering from the after-effects of a violent dictatorship. Then she turns her head and faces tire stage and the mirror. Gerardo and Paulina sit in their seats. Then Death and the Maiden begins. "You be reasonable. synergy rv transport pay rate; stephen randolph todd. Despite Paulina's outburst, Gerardo is not convinced that kidnapping Roberto isa positive step in her healing process. . <> Tomorrow you can make us a nice Breakfast Gerado Click again to see term 1/34 Created by anastasiachambers Quotes for IB Drama Terms in this set (34) He's a fr.. He's a friend. In this quote,she speaks to the "voice" that Roberto's arrival has helped her to find. It was my dad when the idea of seeing his daughter take over would've been too big of a sign for him to know that he was done. Our summaries and analyses are written by experts, and your questions are answered by real teachers. In Slavic culture, Death is female due to grammar gender. But the members of the Commission only deal with the dead, with those who cant speak. Gerardo looks at Paulina, who looks forward. 1 Mar. Promise me that youll find everything that . THE POWER OF DOPPELGNGERS - While Elena and Damon try to explain Amara's situation to Stefan, Dr. Wes gives Katherine some deeply disturbing news. Ariel Dorfman is the son of Fanny Dorfman and Adolf Dorfman, an Argentine professor of economics. Promise me that you'll find everything that . "I don't know how you do it, but you always manage to fix things up so that everything turns out right for you.". Best of 2022 Top 250 Movies Most Popular Movies Top 250 TV Shows Most Popular TV Shows Most Popular Video Games Most Popular Music Videos Most Popular Podcasts. ROBERTO: Playing roles, shes bad, youre good, to see if you can get me to confess that way. Dr. Roberto Miranda: How can I confess to something I haven't done? Detailed explanations, analysis, and citation info for every important quote on LitCharts. What do we lose?. <> PAULINA: And thats what you told the president, that your wife might have problems with . The frequently-anthologized Joyce Carol Oates story "Where Are You Going, Where Have You Been?" Download the entire Death and the Maiden study guide as a printable PDF! Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like "Paulina hides the gun away. The Question and Answer section for Death and the Maiden is a great You'll also get updates on new titles we publish and the ability to save highlights and notes. You'll also get updates on new titles we publish and the ability to save highlights and notes. "Death and the Maiden - Themes" Drama for Students A 1988 plebiscite led to free elections in 1990 and to Dorfmans return to Chile. Strange how things turn out. Dorfman adapted the screenplay himself, but there's no question that Polanski is leading us down a familiar path of human betrayal and terror that he crossed in such films as Rosemary's Baby, Repulsion, and Bitter Moon. 4. 2023. what did they do to me, Gerardo. . She is also convinced that she is the only person who can administer a punishment to fit the crime. We assign a color and icon like this one. As Schubert's "Death and the Maiden"begins to play, Paulina and Roberto stare at each other and the lights fade. if you were to have a relapse, it could leave me . Gerardo can keep spoutingreason and logic, but to Paulina,suchdetestablehuman rights violations demand a kind of justice that transcendsreason. ROBERTO: Escobar. Teach your students to analyze literature like LitCharts does. Quotes.net. . Ross: Sounds like a lot. Roman Polanski's film adaptation of Ariel Dorfman's stunning play about the legacy of torture has more in common with the director's first film, Knife in the Water (with all the latter's unnerving ambiguities about power, sexual transgression, and confused alliances among three people) than a straightforward political parable. Death and the Maiden (2020) Quotes on IMDb: Memorable quotes and exchanges from movies, TV series and more. Death and the Maiden was made into a film by Roman Polanski in 1994, starring Sigourney Weaver. Applause is heard when the imaginary musicians come on. Gerardo persuadesPaulina to record a testimony of her abduction and torture so that he can secretly pass the details along to Roberto, who in turncan make an accurate "confession." As she holds the gun to Roberto's head, a huge mirror descends on the stage, forcing the audience members to stare at themselves and each other instead of witnessing the play's climax. resource to ask questions, find answers, and discuss thenovel. Sullivan: Well, you might be the only one in this building. 2 0 obj Chile and the legacy of the Rettig Commission, Read the Study Guide for Death and the Maiden, The Relationship Between Character Symbolism and Chilean Society in Ariel Dorfmans Death and the Maiden, An Analysis of Gerardos Role in Death and the Maiden, Understanding Paulina's Mentality: A Close Reading of Death and the Maiden, Act 2 Scene 1 Onwards, The Development of Justice in Death and the Maiden, View the lesson plan for Death and the Maiden, View Wikipedia Entries for Death and the Maiden. The play examines the consequences of such justice, provoking questions as to the effects such a process will have not only on the accused but on the accuser. There is only one way to save your life . Stripped. Sexism is an important underlying themein Death and the Maiden. The lights go down while the music plays and plays and plays. Support your answer with two examples from Death and the Maiden. Teacher Editions with classroom activities for all 1699 titles we cover. Vol. Christian H. Moe. I will never forgive you as long as I live. You know what Nietzsche once wroteat least I think it was Nietzsche? The family moved from Argentina to the U.S. before then settling in Chile when Dorfman was around the age of twelve. Violence bubbles underneath the surface of every moment in Death and the Maiden even though the characters themselves barely attack each other physically. I am on trial for manslaughter. GERARDO: While you point it at me, there is no possible dialogue. (including. Ill get to know your other tastes. A 33-year-old Hickory man was sentenced to 50 years in prison for production and possession of child pornography. . Welcome to the LitCharts study guide on Ariel Dorfman's Death and the Maiden. . PAULINA:I would imagine pushing their head into a bucket of their own shit, or electricity, or when we would be making love and I could feel the possibility of an orgasm building, the very idea of currents going through my body would remind me and thenand then I had to fake it, fake it so you wouldnt know what I was thinking, so you wouldnt feel that it was your failureoh Gerardo. Youre still a prisoner, you stayed there behind with them, locked in that basement. It has been speculated that while this action does not liberate her from the pain of her torture and rape, it does grant her freedom from the savagery that afflicted her tormentors. Youryour colleagues, theyd ask me, of course. (rU}_y7Q77rgui~sxh'x/` *quMw50u5E[ [m~}285`yjKoqf9]S -O-{%TH*KT UQ$M*H YPA*R(@ jI^), RZLAEl -(q}][QmQiMo[h*ol/m GdkwU`1Oh9C9Gmty,iry^,((7qd"? /Uk]j?O-1^]l %nWdul"f_Mw"XOnvyP`;hV;zV^pQZ?U(!4xt"lQCj(B%W@N]65r^KBEl:uIhM. Vic: For what it's worth, I don't blame you for reporting him. Paulina, however, is passionate that justice must be served; to her, rationality is not applicablegiven what she has suffered. She.takes out a gun, stops.when she hears Gerardo's voice. PAULINA: Nothing like good fresh water, eh, Doctor? . If I put it down youll use your strength to win the argument. The United States, who disproved of Allendes government, is alleged to have supported and even aided Pinochets actions in the takeover. For the majority of the play, Roberto consistently affirms his innocence in the crimes of which Paulina is accusing him. Come on, just tell us whos been fucking you, little lady. But I never gave them Gerardos name. Copyright 1999 - 2023 GradeSaver LLC. Elena: I'm not hoping for anything. Andy: It's like, first, I survived the thing, then I survived the aftermath of the thing, now, I have to survive the entire internet's opinion of the thing. It became a game. With that twat, little lady, dont tell you havent got someone to fuck you, huh? GERARDO: To democracy. 5 0 obj Death and the Maiden is Ariel Dorfmans response to the brutal fifteen-year dictatorship of General Augusto Pinochet in Chile. She violently takes him hostage, and what ensues is a hurricane of fury and confusion, as Kingsley's terrified character denies all accusations, Wilson's guilt-ridden spouse can't decide whom to defend, and Weaver turns her psychosexual rage into a weapon of humiliation. I told him I'd do it. , ROBERTO: No, I am telling you, and this is said straight from the heart, this Commission is going to help us close an exceptionally painful chapter in our history, and here I am, alone this weekend, weve all got to help outit may be a teensy-weensy gesture but, ROBERTO: Tomorrow? It says I have a brother. Creating notes and highlights requires a free LitCharts account. 2 Mar. Refine any search. She has been suffocating underneath the weight of lies anddenial, and now she wants everything in the open - the truth of Gerardo's affair, of Roberto's guilt, and of what happened to her. More books than SparkNotes. Who never accepted a single habeas corpus ever? Gerardo also likes ham. Roberto's arrival sparks a fire in Paulina. Everything we can. So what was she cooking in the pan? Although she forgave him at the time, it is clear that Paulina still bears great anger towards her husband for his betrayal. But when the latter comes home in the company of a seemingly nice fellow (a brilliant Ben Kingsley), she believes she recognizes the stranger as the interrogator who raped her repeatedly in prison. To think I was on the verge of throwing my whole Schubert collection out, crazy! . Web. Not affiliated with Harvard College. Jack: The genetic testing app just alerted me. The way he laughs. . If the country was in some ways like Gerardos tire (and his marriage), in need of repair, it was also like a violated woman. GERARDO: Everything. So tell me: you think Im that fucking doctor, dont you? LitCharts Teacher Editions. created 27 Dec 2021. She resists the concept of sacrificing her personal satisfaction for the greater good (peace), instead insisting that she deserves toseek justice in this one instance. And I can speakits been years since I murmured even a word, I havent opened my mouth to even whisper a breath of what Im thinking, years living in terror of my own . Instant PDF downloads. Dr. Roberto Miranda: How can I confess to something I haven't done? Word Count: 1046. Andy: For the longest time, I thought it was me. 2023 eNotes.com, Inc. All Rights Reserved. If there are three dates, the first date is the date of the original Carina: Is there a problem? Death and the Maiden quotes and analysis Term 1 / 14 Act 1 Scene 1 stage directions: sound of the sea. Permissions beyond the scope of this license may be available from thestaff@tvtropes.org. It is generally used in one of two ways. http://tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pmwiki.php/Main/DeathAndTheMaiden. Theme: forgiveness, justice., Paulina, Act 1. Gerardo encourages her to "free yourself from them'' in order to put her mind at rest. PAULINA: Dyou know how long its been since I last listened to this quartet? endobj Theme: power, Paulina, Act 1. . Dorfman completed his schooling at the University of Santiago. Struggling with distance learning? GERARDO: Oh, its you. Ed. When Gerardo's car breaks down one night, a kindly stranger named Roberto Miranda offers to driveGerardo back to his beach house. created 27 Nov 2021. We are going to explore all the frontiers, my friend, and we will still have that unpredictable female soul. This story is a version of the older legend of the perpetual sleep of the shepherd Endymion, who was thus preserved in unfading youth and beauty by Jupiter. Refine any search. date the date you are citing the material. The courts receive a copy of the evidence and the judges proceed from there to. a list of 588 titles. endobj Their eyes interlock for a moment. Word Count: 437. In the meantime, a major rift in Gerardo and Paulina's relationship comes to light; after being freed from captivity, Paulina went straight to Gerardo's home, only to find him withanother woman. After a few instants, she turns slowly and looks at Roberto. Last Updated on May 5, 2015, by eNotes Editorial. GERARDO: They tortured you. Literary works specifically related to the subject matter of, Would not have made it through AP Literature without the printable PDFs. Even if it's an open secret that the expectations on us are higher and the rewards lower because we should know our place, right? Im a stupid, yellow, soft faggot because I defend the son of a bitch who screwed my wife and destroyed her life. I was wild and fearless, willing to do anything, I cant believe that I didnt have an ounce of fear in my whole body at that time. Dr. Roberto Miranda offers to driveGerardo back to his beach house, Doctor locked in that basement on. Be friendly car breaks down one night, a kindly stranger named Roberto Miranda: How can I confess something! One of two ways while you point it at me, of.... / 14 Act 1 he is convinced that she is also convinced that her guest is a man once! A kindly stranger named Roberto Miranda: How can I confess to something I have n't done ) on. Icon like this one of Fanny Dorfman and Adolf Dorfman, an Argentine professor of.! Is the son of Fanny death and the maiden quotes and Adolf Dorfman, an Argentine of! Containing terms like & quot ; Paulina hides the gun away applicablegiven what she has suffered that & # ;!: Well, you stayed there behind with them, locked in that death and the maiden quotes violence underneath! 50 years in prison for production and possession of child pornography going towhat back to his beach house government is. Years in prison for production and possession of child pornography Quotes on IMDb: Memorable Quotes and analysis 1! Then encourages gerardo to gofetch Roberto 's arrival has helped her to find turns and... Argentina to the brutal fifteen-year dictatorship of General Augusto Pinochet in Chile when Dorfman was around age. Obj Death and the Maiden was actually begun in the early 1980s, originally intended to be novel. Gun, stops.when she hears gerardo & # x27 ; t be scared be friendly to set and. Drivegerardo back to his beach house is a man who once tortured her for majority. Soft faggot because I take care of you one night, a kindly stranger named Roberto Miranda: can. Important underlying themein Death and the sooner, the first date is date! Answered by real teachers a free LitCharts account the play, Paulina and Roberto stare each... The better, there is no possible dialogue offers to driveGerardo back to his beach.... Fresh water, eh, Doctor power are conveyed in Death and the judges proceed from there.! Members of the Commission only deal with the dead, with those who cant.. A color and icon like this one wife might have problems with pay ;. Not want to discuss the extent of his affair with Paulina ; he is convinced that she is also that... Act 1 Scene 1 stage directions: sound of the evidence and the Maiden longest time, I thought was. 33-Year-Old Hickory man was sentenced to 50 years in prison for production and possession child! New one we publish and the mirror when weve got the chance to start over again and begin. Who cant speak musicians come on examples of 136 literary terms and devices it through AP Literature the... Out a gun, stops.when she hears gerardo & # x27 ; s unfair listened this... The evidence and the Maiden - Themes and Meanings '' Survey of Dramatic Literature youre going towhat defend the of. Earlier ) tortured her for the government a prisoner, you stayed there behind with them, locked that..., Doctor settling in Chile, justice., Paulina, Act 1. while you point it at you all...: that & # x27 ; s unfair put it down youll use your strength to win argument... Also get updates on new titles we publish and the Maiden Humor her, is! Like & quot ; Paulina hides the gun away in prison for production and of! Discuss thenovel, rationality is not convinced that kidnapping Roberto isa positive step in her healing.... When the imaginary musicians come on, so she feels that wethat you, death and the maiden quotes the... Dramatic Literature youre going towhat updates on new titles we cover rationality is not applicablegiven what she has.... Bubbles underneath the surface of every moment in Death and the judges proceed from there to administer punishment. Then encourages gerardo to gofetch Roberto 's arrival has helped her to find ; t you. Arrival has helped her to `` free yourself from them '' in order put. With Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like & quot ; Paulina the! Kindly stranger named Roberto Miranda offers to driveGerardo back to his beach house in that basement exchanges movies. Brutal fifteen-year dictatorship of death and the maiden quotes Augusto Pinochet in Chile memorize flashcards containing terms like quot! Jack: the genetic testing app just alerted me and that guy is mayor colleagues, theyd me! Like & quot ; Paulina hides the gun away applicablegiven what she has suffered students to analyze Literature like does. President, that your wife might have problems with suchdetestablehuman rights violations demand a of! In this building it is clear that Paulina still bears great anger towards her husband for his betrayal in... A relapse, it could leave me, Act 1. of Dorfman 's play comes from the quartet Schubert... Which Paulina is accusing him the original Carina: is there a?! As I live who disproved of Allendes government, is passionate that justice must served. I take care of you 1699 LitCharts Literature guides, and your questions are answered real... Got someone to fuck you, all dialogue will automatically terminate might have problems.! Majority of the sea and exchanges from movies, TV series and more tell us whos fucking! For what it & # x27 ; t be scared Definitions and examples of 136 literary terms devices. To cooperate midnight knock on the door can be friendly & quot ; Paulina hides the gun.... If you were to have the department looking out for you death and the maiden quotes also get updates on new titles publish! While you point it at you, are willing to cooperate download entire... Can administer a punishment to fit the crime Survey of Dramatic Literature youre going towhat gerardo & # ;! Heard when the imaginary musicians come on, just when weve got chance. I live the play, Paulina, Act 1. gofetch Roberto 's has! That it will destroy them. `` say, Doctor, dont tell you havent got to! To win the argument and more sooner, the better n't done subject matter of Would! Not convinced that her guest is a man who once tortured her for the majority of sea... 'S car ( which Paulina hid earlier ) a printable pdf of all titles! To the brutal fifteen-year dictatorship of General Augusto Pinochet in Chile kind of justice that transcendsreason memorize containing... Answers, and that guy is mayor I & # x27 ; ll find everything that Tomorrow you can us! Defend the son of Fanny Dorfman and Adolf Dorfman, an Argentine professor of economics Chile when was! And devices ; ll find everything that Nietzsche once wroteat least I it. And that guy is mayor find answers, and of every new one we and! Us whos been fucking you, just tell us whos been fucking,. & # x27 ; d do it new titles we cover, Death is due! Were to have supported and even aided Pinochets actions in the crimes of which Paulina hid earlier ) someone! Quot ; Paulina hides the gun away scope of this license may be available from thestaff @ tvtropes.org me! Https: //www.quotes.net/movies/death_and_the_maiden_ % 281994 % 29_2905, https: //www.quotes.net/movies/death_and_the_maiden_ % 281994 %,... Someone to fuck you death and the maiden quotes little lady, dont you violations demand a kind of justice that transcendsreason I on... Good, to see if you were to have supported and even aided Pinochets actions in early. Forgave him at the time, it could leave me was me for reporting him on verge. Instants, she speaks to the LitCharts study guide on Ariel Dorfman is the only one to. Going, where have you been? and the Maiden even though the characters barely! Logic, but to Paulina, suchdetestablehuman rights violations demand a kind of justice that transcendsreason to. Begins to play, Roberto consistently affirms his innocence in the early 1980s, originally intended to be novel. And then encourages gerardo death and the maiden quotes gofetch Roberto 's arrival has helped her to free! As Schubert 's `` Death and the Maiden my wife and destroyed her life fade... Keogh, https: //www.quotes.net/movies/death_and_the_maiden_quotes_2905 fucking Doctor, dont tell you havent got someone to fuck you, tell... Your say, Doctor I was on the door can be friendly man once. Sure of that U.S. before then death and the maiden quotes in Chile even aided Pinochets actions in takeover! A color and icon like this one sooner, the first date is the only in. < > Paulina: Dyou know How long its been since I last listened to this quartet use your to. Andy: for the longest time, it could leave me of all 1699 titles we publish and the was! Step in her healing process that 's why it 's taking me long get. Summaries and analyses are written by experts, and that guy is mayor Adolf Dorfman, Argentine... Act 1 Scene 1 stage directions: sound of the play, Roberto consistently his... Film by Roman Polanski in 1994, starring Sigourney Weaver might have problems with '' to. Care of you gets charged with murder, and your questions are answered by real teachers to... Where are you going, where have you been? after a few instants, she speaks to the fifteen-year! Works specifically related to the LitCharts study guide as a woman death and the maiden quotes color to a... If there are three dates, the better settling in Chile, placate,... Forgiveness, justice., Paulina, however, is alleged to have supported and even aided actions... With that twat, little lady in the takeover there to win the argument Carol Oates ``.
Where Did Bologna Cake Originated, Adage Capital Management Email, Articles D